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HTML-

 The evolution of the latest version of HTML known as HTML5, a set of capabilities that gives web designers and developers the ability to create the next generation of great online applications. Take the HTML5 <video> tag, for example. Video wasn't a major (or, really, any) part of the early web...

Other cool HTML5 features include offline capabilities that let users interact with web apps even when they don't have an internet connection, as well as drag-and-drop capabilities. In Gmail, for instance, easy drag-and-drop allows users to instantly attach a file to an email message by simply dragging the file from the user's desktop computer into the browser window.

HTML5, like the web itself, is in perpetualevolution, based on users' needs and developers' imaginations. As an open standard, HTML5 embodies some of the best aspects of the web: it works everywhere, and on any device with a modern browser. But just as you can only watch HDTV broadcasts on an HD-compatible television, you need to use an up-to-date, HTML5-compatible browser in order to enjoy sites and apps that take advantage of HTML5's features. Thankfully, as an Internet user, you have lots of choice when it comes to web browsers — and unlike TVs, web browsers can be downloaded for free.

G.I.C.Exam -General Awareness

1. The foreign trade policy announced in the year 2004 was announced for a period of ____
(A) two years
(B) three years
(C) four years
(D) five years
(E) ten years
Ans (D)
2. As per reports in the newspapers the Indian Rupee is appreciating these days. What does it really mean it ?
(1) The value of the Rupee has gone up. It is now 110 paise and not 100 paise.
(2) The exchange rate of Rupee has gone up.
(3) Now we can purchase more in one Rupee which was not possible earlier.
(A) Only 1
(B) Only 2
(C) Only 3
(D) Both 1 & 2
(E) None of these
Ans (B)
3. As per newspaper reports the inflation in India and China was at very high level . In such a situation the central Banks of these countries are required to follow _____
(A) a more liberal credit policy
(B) a very tight credit policy
(C) create an atmosphere of easy liquidity in the market.
(D) raise the limits of personal and corporate income taxes.
(E) None of these
Ans (B)
4. The US Federal Reserve had recently reduced the interest rates by 150 basis points in the last few months. This was done because ____
(A) US was going into recession.
(B) Inflation was high in countries like India and China hence a correction in economic policies by all the countries was needed.
(C) Euro had become more attractive currency, hence US wanted to save dollars from further depreciation.
(D) Iraq had bacome a very lucrative destination for foreign investment . US does not want it to happen.
(E) None of these
Ans (A)
5. The Stock market index of London Stock Market is referred as _____
(A) Sensex
(B) Footsie (FTSE)
(C) NIFTY
(D) Bullish
(E) None of these
Ans (B)
6. As we all know Ministry of Finance every year prepare Union Budget and present it to the parliament . Which of the following is / are the elements of the Union Budget ?
(1) Estimates of revenue and capital receipts.
(2) Ways and Means to raise the revenue.
(3) Estimates of expenditure.
(A) Only 1
(B) Only 2
(C) Only 3
(D) All 1,2 & 3
(E) None of these
Ans (D)
7. Which of the following is NOT used as raw material for production of nuclear power?
(A) Uranium
(B) Barylium
(C) Zirconium
(D) Sodium
(E) All these are used
Ans (A)
8. As per figure released recently , the GDP growth in the last two years has been in the range of ____
(A) 6%-7%
(B) 7%-8%
(C) 8%-9%
(D) 9%-9.5%
(E) 10%-11%
Ans (D)
9. Sri Lankan Monitoring Mission (SLMM) has Nordic Monitors from five nations. Which of the following is NOT one of them?
(A) India
(B) Sweden
(C) Norway
(D) Denmark
(E) Iceland
Ans (A)
10.Many a times we read a term in financial newspaper GDR. What is the full form of the same?
(A) Gross Domestic Revenue
(B) Global Domestic Ratio
(C) Global Depository Receipts
(D) Gross Depository Revenue
(E) None of these
Ans (C)
11. The Govt. of India has fixed some targets for various programmes for the entire plan period/or a part of it. Which of the following is/are TRUE about the Bharat Nirman Programme?
(1) The plan envisages irrigation of 10 million hectares additional land.
(2) It is planned that about six hundred km. of new roads will be developed every month.
(3) About 1000 new telephone connections will be given to rural areas every month so that by the end of the plan all villages in India are brought under telephone services network.
(A) Only (1) is true
(B) Only (2) is true
(C) Only (3) is true
(D) All (1), (2) & (3) are true
(E) None is true
Ans (A)
12. Who played the role of the Hockey coach in the Film "Chak De India" for which he was given the award for Best Actor?
(A) Shahrukh Khan
(B) Abhishek Bachchan
(C) Aaamir Khan
(D) Salman Khan
(E) None of these
Ans (A)
13. India has signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) with which of the following countries which says they will create a "Multi Polar Order" based on the rule of law, sovereign equality and non-interference in internal affairs of States?
(A) USA
(B) Nepal
(C) China
(D) Britain
(E) Russia
Ans (E)
14. Recently one Indian cricket player has become the sixth batsman to earn 10000 runs in Test Crickets. The name of the player is ____
(A) Virendra Sehwag
(B) Sachin Tendulkar
(C) Sourav Ganguly
(D) Anil Kumble
(E) Rahul Dravid
Ans (E)
15. Yousuf Raza Gillani who was elected the Prime Minister of Pakistan is from which political parties?
(A) Jamiat-e-Ulema Islami
(B) Pakistan People's Party
(C) Awami National Party
(D) Muslim League
(E) None of these
Ans (B)
16. As per the Govt. Notifications / Advertisements given in various newspapers the wheat procurement this year was of a record of 210 lakh MTs. Which of the following was/were the contributory factors in such a record making procurement?
(1) Minimum support price was keep as Rs. 1,500/- per quintal.
(2) Wheat was also procured from non-traditional State like Gujrat and Maharashtra
(3) State Govt. were also involved actively in the Scheme
(A) Only 1
(B) Only 2
(C) Only 3
(D) Both 1 & 2
(E) None of these
Ans (D)
17. Very often we read in newspapers that some sports persons have to go for a Dope Test after their performance in the field. Why Dope Test is conducted ?
(1) To know the general health of the sports person
(2) To know the sugar level of their blood
(3) To detect whether they have taken any performance inhancing drugs
(A) Only 1
(B) Only 2
(C) Only 3
(D) All 1 , 2 & 3
(E) None of these
Ans (B)
18. Santosh Trophy is associated with the game of ____
(A) Cricket
(B) Badminton
(C) Tennis
(D) Chess
(E) None of these
Ans (E) Santosh Trophy is associated with the game of Football.
19. As per the newspaper reports some economically developed states onlt hold about 60% of the total 'Demat Accounts in India. A Demat Account is ____
(A) an acount which is opened by the people of the lower income groups of the society.
(B) an account in which trading of the shares is done.
(C) an account which can be opened only by minors.
(D) an account which can be operated by big corporate houses and are mainly business accounts like current accounts.
(E) None of these
Ans (B)
20. Federal Reserve is the Financial Organization of the ___
(A) USA
(B) Britain
(C) France
(D) Japan
(E) Germany
21. Which of the following organization is known as Market Regulator in India?
(A) IBA
(B) SEBI
(C) AMFI
(D) NSDL
(E) None of these
Ans (B)
Ans (A)
22. Which of the following phenomenon occurred /surfaced recently associated with the economy of USA has put a catastrophic influence on the economy of the World?
(A) Increase in the oil prices
(B) High level of inflation
(C) Huge and mounting expenditure due to attack on Iraq by USA and allied forces.
(D) Sub-prime Crisis
(E) None of these
Ans (D)
23. The Reserve Bank of India keeps on changing various ratio/rates frequently. Why this is done?
(1) To keep inflation under control
(2) To ensure that Indian Rupee does not loose its market value
(3) To ensure that Banks do not earn huge profits at the cost of public money.
(A) Only 1
(B) Only 2
(C) Only 3
(D) All 1,2 & 3
(E) None of these
Ans (D)
24. Which of the following is true about the National Rural Employment Guarantee Act?
(1) It is applicable only in 100 rural districts.
(2) It gives a guaranteed employment of 100 days to all those who are eligible for the same and are also willing to take it.
(3) This Act is applicable only for men between the age of 21-65. Women do not get the benefit of the same.
(A) Only 1
(B) Only 2
(C) Only 3
(D) All 1 , 2 & 3
(E) None of these
Ans (B)
25. Many times we here about SEZ in newspapers/magazines. What is the full form of SEZ?
(A) Small Economic Zone
(B) Social Economic Zone
(C) Special Enforcewment Zone
(D) Service & Economic Zone
(E) None of these
Ans (E) Special Economic Zone

Feb-2012

1.       India and ADB Signed the third and last tranche of loan agreement  to support electricity transmission and distribution capacity in Assam.

2.       Human Resource Development (HRD) ministry on 28 February 2012 launched a web portal for implementation of the National Scheme of Incentive to Girls for Secondary Education (NSIGSE) in New Delhi.

3.       India on 29 February 2012 took over the chair of assembly and governing board of Association of Supreme Audit Institutions (ASOSAI).

4.       Tata Capital on 28 February 2012 joined hand with private sector lender Axis Bank to launch a travel card.

5.       Online shopping major Flipkart on 27 February 2012 unveiled its digital music store Flyte.

6.       Power Grid Corporation of India Ltd, a Navratna company owned by the government, on 28 February 2012 appointed R.P. Singh as the Director.

7.       NourishCo Beverages, a joint venture between Pepsi co and Tata Global Beverages appointed Pratik Pota as its new CEO on 27 February 2012.

8.       India’s largest bank, State Bank of India on 27 February 2012, announced to reduce its interest rate on education loan by 1 percent.

9.       Delhi government on 28 February 2012 hiked the reservation for OBC [Other Backward Classes] in higher education institutions from 21 percent to 27 percent.

10.   India’s leading telecom company Airtel on 28 February 2012 joined hand with IT major Infosys for its Mobile Wallet service across the country.

11.   Indian soccer legend Sailendra Nath Manna, popularly known as Sailen Manna, died in Kolkata on 27 February 2012.

12.   US banking major Citi group on 25 February 2012 sold its 9.85 percent stake in HDFC, India’s biggest mortgage lender, for around 1.9 billion dollar.

13.   South African Women Hockey team on 25 February 2012, defeated Indian Women Hockey Team to qualify for the London Olympics 2012.

14.   The mining giant Vedanta on 25 February 2012 merged its Indian subsidiaries, Sterlite Industries into sister concern and iron ore miner Sesa Goa.

15.   Rahul Bhatia, Managing Director of InterGlobe Enterprises group on 23 February 2012 was chosen for Ernst & Young Entrepreneur of the Year Award 2011.

16.   Vice President of India M. Hamid Ansari released a book entitled Sufism and Indian Mysticism edited by Prof. Akhtarul Wasey and Farhat Ehsas.

17.   South Korean electronics equipment giant Samsung electronics on 24 February 2012 launched Series 5Ultra Notebook in Indian market.

18.   RBI panel on priority sector lending proposed increment in the target (priority sector) for foreign banks to 40% of net bank credit from current level of 32%.

19.   Former Australian Cricket Captain Ricky Ponting on 21 February 2012 announced his retirement from the One day cricket.

20.   The Income Tax department of India in a Right to Information reply on 19 February 2012 disclosed the tax amount pending with the BCCI.

21.   Indian FMCG major Marico on 15 February 2012 bought the Paras Pharmaceuticals’ personal care arm.

22.   Vodafone India, country’s third largest telecom company, on 10 February 2012 appointed Analjeet Singh as its non executive Chairman.

23.   Cognizant Technology Solutions inked a five-year deal with Future Group.

24.   India's indigenously developed micro-light pilot-less target aircraft Lakshya-1 was successfully test flown from Chandipur.

25.   Prime Minister of Thailand, Yingluck Shinawatra visited India on 24-26 January 2012. She was the chief guest for the 63rd Republic Day Ceremony.

26.   President Pratibha Devi Singh Patil on 9 February 2012 released a special commemorative stamp to mark the Golden Jubilee of the India International Centre (IIC) in New Delhi.

27.   Indonesia became the 157th country to adopt the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty. Indonesia formalised ratification of the nuclear test ban treaty at the United Nations.

28.   Railway Ministry on 7 February 2012 extended the time period for the advance booking of Railway tickets from 90 days to 120 days.

29.   Union minister for labor and employment Mallikarjun Kharge was presented with Pride of India award by the Indian-American community in Washington.

History of Banking in India-

From the ancient times in India, an indigenous banking system has prevailed. The businessmen called Shroffs, Seths, Sahukars, Mahajans, Chettis etc. had been carrying on the business of banking since ancient times. These indigenous bankers included very small money lenders to shroffs with huge businesses, who carried on the large and specialized business even greater than the business of banks.

·         The origin of western type commercial Banking in India dates back to the 18th century.

The story of banking starts from Bank of Hindusthan established in 1779 and it was first bank at Calcutta under European management.

·         In 1786 General Bank of India was set up.

Since Calcutta was the most active trading port in India, mainly due to the trade of the British Empire, it became a banking center.

·         Three Presidency banks were set up under charters from the British East India Company- Bank of Calcutta, Bank of Bombay and the Bank of Madras. These worked as quasi central banks in India for many years.

The Bank of Calcutta established in 1806 immediately became Bank of Bengal.

·         In 1921 these 3 banks merged with each other and Imperial Bank of India got birth. It is today’s State Bank of India.

·         The name was changed after India’s Independence in 1955. So State bank of India is the oldest Bank of India.

In 1839, there was a fruitless effort by Indian merchants to establish a Bank called Union Bank. It failed within a decade.

·         Next came Allahabad Bank which was established in 1865 and working even today.

The oldest Public Sector Bank in India having branches all over India and serving the customers for the last 145 years is Allahabad Bank. Allahabad bank is also known as one of India’s Oldest Joint Stock Bank.

·         The Oldest Joint Stock bank of India was Bank of Upper India established in 1863 and failed in 1913.

·         The first Bank of India with Limited Liability to be managed by Indian Board was Oudh Commercial Bank. It was established in 1881 at Faizabad. This bank failed in 1958.

·         The first bank purely managed by Indian was Punjab National Bank, established in Lahore in 1895. The Punjab national Bank has not only survived till date but also is one of the largest banks in India.

However, the first Indian commercial bank which was wholly owned and managed by Indians was Central Bank of India which was established in 1911. So this bank is called India’s First Truly Swadeshi bank.

Central Bank of India was dreams come true of Sir Sorabji Pochkhanawala, founder of the Bank.

·         Sir Pherozesha Mehta was the first Chairman of this Bank.

Many more Indian banks were established between 1906-1911. This was the era of

the Swadeshi Movement in India. Some of the banks are Bank of India, Corporation

Bank, Indian Bank, Bank of Baroda, Canara Bank and Central Bank of India.

·         Bank of India was the first Indian bank to open a branch outside India in London in 1946 and the first to open a branch in continental Europe at Paris in 1974.

The Bank was founded in September 1906 as a private entity and was nationalized in July 1969. Since the logo of this Bank is a star, its head office in Mumbai is located in Star House, Bandra East, Mumbai. There was a district in Today’s Karnataka state called South Canara under the British empire. It was bifurcated in 1859 from Canara district , thus making Dakshina Kannada and Udupi district. It was the undivided Dakshina Kannada district. It was renamed as Dakshina Kannada in 1947. Four banks started operation during the period of Swadeshi Movement and so this was known as “Cradle of Indian Banking.

This was the first phase of Indian banking which was a very slow in development. This era saw many ups and downs in the banking scenario of the country.

The Second Phase starts from 1935 when Reserve bank of India was established.

Between the period of 1911-1948, there were more than 1000 banks in India, almost

all small banks. The Reserve Bank of India was constituted in 1934 as an apex Bank, however without major government ownership. Government of India came up with the Banking Companies Act 1949. This act was later changed to Banking Regulation (Amendment) Act 1949.

·         The Banking Regulation (Amendment) Act of 1965 gave extensive powers to the Reserve Bank of India. The Reserve Bank of India was made the Central Banking Authority.

The banking sector reforms started immediately after the independence. These reforms were basically aimed at improving the confidence level of the public as most banks were not trusted by the majority of the people. Instead, the deposits with the Postal department were considered safe.

The first major step was Nationalization of the Imperial Bank of India in 1955 via State Bank of India Act.

·         State Bank of India was made to act as the principal agent of RBI and handle banking transactions of the Union and State Governments.

In a major process of nationalization, 7 subsidiaries of the State Bank of India were nationalized by the Indira Gandhi regime. In 1969, 14 major private commercial banks were nationalized. These 14 banks Nationalized in 1969 are as follows:

1.Central Bank of India

2. Bank of Maharastra

3. Dena Bank

4. Punjab National Bank

5. Syndicate Bank

6. Canara Bank

7. Indian Bank

8. Indian Overseas Bank

9. Bank of Baroda

10. Union Bank

11. Allahabad Bank

12. Union Bank of India

13. UCO Bank

14. Bank of India.

The above was followed by a second phase of nationalization in 1980, when Government of India acquired the ownership of 6 more banks, thus bringing the

total number of Nationalised Banks to 20. The private banks at that time were allowed to function side by side with nationalized banks and the foreign banks were allowed to work under strict regulation.

·         After the two major phases of nationalization in India, the 80% of the banking sector came under the public sector / government ownership.

Please note the following sequence of events:

Creation of Reserve bank of India: 1935

Nationalization of Reserve Bank of India : 1949 (January )

Enactment of Banking Regulation Act : 1949 (March)

Nationalization of State Bank of India : 1955

Nationalization of SBI Subsidiaries : 1959

Nationalization of 14 major Banks : 1969

Creation of Credit Guarantee Corporation: 1971

Creation of Regional Rural Banks : 1975

Nationalization of 7 more banks with deposits over Rs. 200 Crore: 1980

The result was outstanding. The public deposits in these banks increased by 800% , as the government ownership gave the public faith and trust.

The third phase of development of banking in India started in the early 1990s when

India started its economic liberalization.